Depression in Later Life

Depression is not a normal part of ageing, yet it is one of the most common mental health challenges in later life. Many older adults experience low mood, loss of interest, or fatigue, but these symptoms are often mistaken for “just getting older.” The truth is, depression is a medical condition that deserves recognition, care, and support.

Depression can appear differently in later life compared to younger adults. For some, it may look like sadness or hopelessness. For others, it may show up as withdrawal, memory difficulties, irritability, or unexplained aches and pains. Families sometimes notice changes before the person themselves does.

Common Signs of Depression in Older Adults

If you or someone you love is experiencing several of the following, it may be time to seek support:

  • Persistent sadness, hopelessness, or loss of interest

  • Withdrawing from friends, family, or activities once enjoyed

  • Fatigue, lack of energy, or difficulty sleeping

  • Changes in appetite or unexplained weight changes

  • Irritability, restlessness, or increased worry

  • Poor concentration, forgetfulness, or confusion

  • Unexplained physical aches, pains, or slowed movement

  • Increased trips to the GP for various reasons

  • Feelings of worthlessness, guilt, or being a burden

  • Increased reliance on alcohol, medication, or other substances

  • Increase in compulsive behaviours such as gambling, shopping, or overeating

Why Does Depression Happen in Later Life?

Depression in older adults is often linked to experiences such as:

  • Bereavement or loss of close relationships

  • Loneliness or social isolation

  • Chronic illness, pain, or reduced mobility

  • Memory problems or dementia-related changes

  • Loss of independence (e.g., needing more care or support)

  • Stress linked to financial changes or moving into care

In some cases, depression can also lead to unhealthy coping strategies, such as increased alcohol use, reliance on medications, or compulsive behaviours like gambling or shopping. These can create additional stress for both the individual and their family.

How Therapy Can Help

I use evidence-based therapies that have been shown to be highly effective for depression in later life:

  • Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT): Helps older adults acknowledge current difficulties—such as health challenges or grief—while building new ways of living with purpose, dignity, and peace.

  • Solution-Focused Therapy (SFT): Shifts focus from what is wrong to what is possible, helping clients identify strengths, set realistic goals, and rediscover hope and resilience.

With the right support, depression is treatable at any age. Therapy can bring relief from symptoms, strengthen relationships, and improve overall quality of life—helping older adults feel valued, connected, and supported.